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Material handling equipment refers to a wide range of tools, vehicles, appliances, and accessories used in the storage, control, movement, and protection of materials, goods, and products throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption, and disposal. Here are the main categories and examples of material handling equipment:
1. Storage and Handling Equipment:
- Bins and Totes: Containers for storing and transporting items.
- Racks: Structures for storing materials in tiers.
- Shelving: Horizontal surfaces for storing items.
- Mezzanines: Elevated platforms that create additional floor space.
2. Bulk Material Handling Equipment:
- Conveyors: Systems for moving bulk materials (e.g., belt conveyors, screw conveyors).
- Hoppers: Funnels used to transfer materials from one container to another.
- Stackers: Equipment used to stack bulk materials (e.g., coal, ores).
- Reclaimers: Equipment used to recover bulk materials from storage.
3. Engineered Systems:
- Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS): Computer-controlled systems for automatically placing and retrieving loads from defined storage locations.
- Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs): Mobile robots used to transport materials around a facility.
- Robotic Delivery Systems: Robots used for picking, packing, and transporting items.
4. Industrial Trucks:
- Forklifts: Vehicles used to lift and transport materials.
- Pallet Jacks: Manual or powered devices used to lift and move pallets.
- Order Pickers: Machines that lift operators to the height needed to pick items from racks.
- Side Loaders: Trucks designed to pick up loads from the side rather than the front.
5. Positioning Equipment:
- Lift Tables: Platforms that can be raised or lowered to different heights.
- Turntables: Rotating platforms used to position materials for easy access.
- Manipulators: Devices used to handle materials, often with a robotic arm.
6. Unit Load Formation Equipment:
- Pallets: Flat platforms used for transporting and storing goods.
- Skids: Similar to pallets but without the bottom deck.
- Shrink Wrappers: Machines that wrap products with a shrink film.
- Strapping Machines: Devices that apply straps to secure loads.
7. Identification and Control Equipment:
- Barcoding Systems: Systems for labeling and scanning barcodes.
- RFID Systems: Radio-frequency identification systems for tracking and managing inventory.
- Labeling Machines: Devices that apply labels to products or packages.
8. Miscellaneous Equipment:
- Cranes: Machines used for lifting heavy loads.
- Hoists: Devices used for lifting or lowering loads with a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps.
- Dollies: Wheeled platforms used to move heavy items.
Each type of equipment has its specific applications and benefits, depending on the needs of the facility and the nature of the materials being handled.